Design an Intelligent Controller for Load Balancing in Wind Energy Systems Connected to the Grid

Abstract

With the rapid expansion of wind energy integration into electrical grids, there is an urgent need for an intelligent control system capable of adapting to the sharp power fluctuations caused by the ever-changing nature of wind and maintaining stable frequency and voltage to meet fluctuating load requirements. This paper aims to provide complete and intelligent control of a combined wind turbine-to-grid power generation system. The intelligent control unit can instantly estimate wind speed and rated power, thereby providing automatic adjustment mechanisms for inverters and load distribution. The system is represented by a detailed simulation in MATLAB/Simulink. The control unit can also analyze instantaneous frequency and voltage deviations, classify load conditions, and compensate for deficits or surpluses in the wind turbine's generated power. This study evaluated the typical performance of the proposed unit for various scenarios, including unexpected fluctuations in wind speed and sudden load changes. Simulation results showed that the intelligent controller eliminated a significant proportion of frequency deviations compared to conventional control systems. Furthermore, the voltage drops and rises were within acceptable specifications.